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Greenville County has the largest school district in South Carolina, with more than 57,000 students. Greenville is the site of the only International Baccalaureate Program in the state, the South Carolina Governor's School for the Arts and the Roper Mountain Science Center. Eight magnet academies offer unique educational opportunities at the elementary, middle, and high school levels. Each academy offers distinct programs in foreign language, communication arts, pre-engineering and health professions, international studies, science and technology, or year-round education.
Local colleges and university include Bob Jones University, Clemson University, Converse College, Furman University, Greenville Technical College, North Greenville College, Southern Wesleyan University, the University of South Carolina at Spartanburg and Wofford College.
Greenville has a countywide library system with a main library downtown and 10 branches. A Law Library is located at the Greenville County Courthouse. More than 890,000 items are available for circulation, including films and audiovisual materials. Outreach, bookmobile and online services are available.
The Southeastern region of the United States is the fourth largest economy in terms of domestic product. In the center of that region is Greenville, recognized as a business, high-tech, manufacturing and engineering center. Site Selection Magazine places Greenville among the Top 10 U.S. markets for locating a manufacturing facility. According to an Ernst & Young study, Greenville is the center of the nation's next "mega-growth corridor".
In the last 10 years Greenville County has attracted $3 billion in business investment. In addition, 3,000 new companies and 30,000 new jobs have been added to the county in that same time frame. Manufacturing services, and wholesale/retail trade are the largest employment sectors; each accounting for approximately one quarter of total employment in Greenville County. Historically within the manufacturing sector, 40% of capital investment is from companies new to Greenville County, while 60% comes from existing manufacturers expanding their facilities.
While the low country of South Carolina had been settled for many years, Greenville County, once the stronghold of the Cherokee Indians, was not ceded until 1777. The Greenville District was created in 1786, but was known as Pleasantburg until 1831. The origins of the name Greenville County are uncertain. The county was either named for an early resident, Isaac Green or Revolutionary War general Nathaniel Greene.
The first settler in present Greenville County was Richard Pearis. He married a Cherokee woman and records indicate that the Cherokee tribe thought so highly of him that he was given several tracts of land by the Cherokee Indian tribe. On part of this estate now stands the City of Greenville and Paris Mountain, its name a derivative of Pearis.
The city of Greenville was founded in 1770 at the site of the Reedy River Falls Park in downtown Greenville. The falls were once the source of power for early industries. The land around Greenville became a village centered on a trading post and grist mill.
Greenville evolved at the vision of Vardry McBee, whom some call the "Father of Greenville." He was instrumental in moving Furman University from Edgefield to Greenville in 1851 and in securing Greenville's first railroad. McBee encouraged the construction of mills to take advantage of Greenville's proximity to fast-flowing water, the Reedy River. Soon the town was the home to a number of grist, textile and paper mills and the largest carriage factory east of the Mississippi. By the end of the 19th century and into the next, Greenville industry was expanding up and down the banks of the Reedy River.
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